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Embark on a Journey through the Land of Light and Sun
The Lycians
Discover the enchanting legacy of the Lycian civilization, one of Anatolia’s most captivating ancient cultures. Located on Türkiye’s stunning Teke Peninsula along the dazzling Turkish Riviera, Lycia, known as the 'Land of Light,' dazzled the world with its incredible architecture, democratic innovations, and love for the sea.
Throughout history, Lycia stood at the crossroads of great empires and developed a rich political and cultural identity. While maintaining its distinct traditions under Persian rule, the region later aligned with Athens during the classical period before peacefully integrating into the Roman world. Despite shifting political powers, the Lycians preserved a strong sense of autonomy, organization, and social structure.
Lycians were “The People of Light”. Their most influential contribution to world civilization is the Lycian League, recognized as the earliest known democratic federation in recorded history. Its unique governing model – based on proportional representation, elected officials, and shared decision-making – later influenced modern systems of governance.
Lycia’s artistic and architectural heritage further sets it apart. Majestic rock-cut tombs carved high into steep cliffs bear witness to their sophisticated funerary architecture and beliefs about the afterlife. Carefully planned urban layouts, impressive city gates, harbor structures, and a maritime culture rooted in skilled navigation reflect their mastery of both land and sea. Today, wandering through ancient cities like Patara, Xanthos, and Myra, visitors encounter a landscape that speaks through its stone – a timeless testimony to a people who illuminated history with innovation, courage, and beauty.
The Lycian Way
In the land where the turquoise Mediterranean meets rugged cliffs and ancient ruins, lie tales of a captivating adventure known as the Lycian Way, one of the longest hiking trails in Türkiye, and considered one of the best 'hiking trails' in the world. Stretching over 500 km between Ölüdeniz and Antalya, it offers several entry points and options for short walks, day hikes, multi-day treks, cycling, an opportunity to be adventurous across a suspension bridge, zip-lining, swimming in the rapids, taking a cable car to the sky, paragliding a descent towards the turquoise waters, or simply to take a breather in one of the wonderful beaches in Fethiye, Kalkan, Kaş or Adrasan. While the trail’s diverse landscapes make it accessible year-round, spring remains the most ideal season for hiking. As you walk the Lycian Way, you’ll notice red and white signs along the trail to help you stay on track.
Unveiling the Ancient Cities of Lycia
Along this captivating path, you’ll encounter some of the most remarkable Lycian cities, each offering a glimpse into this ancient civilization’s rich legacy. As the capital of Lycia,Xanthosboasts a rich tapestry of archaeological wonders that will take your breath away. Explore its monumental tombs, adorned with intricate carvings, telling tales of heroes and nobles from a distant past. Take a step back in time as you wander through the remains of the theatre, acropolis, and agora, which once buzzed with the daily life of the Lycians.
Xanthos - Did you know?
The city’s residents committed mass suicide at least twice in history instead of surrendering to the enemy. The first time was in 546 BCE, during the Persian invasion, and the second was in the 1st century BCE when Brutus came to Lycia to gather forces.
Not far from Xanthos, just 10 km south of the Lycian city, there isLetoon, Xanthos's cult centre. Letoon was the federal sanctuary of the Lycian province and of the Lycian League. During the Hellenistic period, three temples were built here: a temple dedicated to Leto in the middle and temples dedicated to Artemis and Apollo on either side of Leto's temple. Xanthos, one of the most prominent cities of Lycia, and its sacred center, Letoon, stand together as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, bearing witness to the region's timeless grandeur.
Venture further toPatara, a city steeped in both history and mythology. Patara, the birthplace of St. Nicholas, who is known today asSanta Claus, was once a thriving commercial hub and a renowned center of culture and learning. Explore the extensive ruins, including the grand theatre, Bouleuterion, the Triumphal Arch, the necropolis, and the Roman baths. Stroll along the ancient streets, imagining the hustle and bustle of merchants and traders from distant lands who once walked these very paths. And don't forget to visit the famous Patara Beach, a pristine stretch of golden sand where the ancient city meets the azure waters of the Mediterranean, and where you might spot loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta Caretta) in their natural habitat
Patara - Did you know?
In his book The Spirit of Laws, the famous thinker Baron de Montesquieu described the governance of the Lycian League as "the most perfect example of a republic." The majestic Council Chamber (Bouleuterion) in the capital city of Patara was the setting for this first known, form of governance in history.
Myra, another captivating Lycian city, uniquely blends natural and architectural wonders. Famous for its rock-cut tombs, Myra's necropolis is a sight to behold. Admire the intricately carved facades, each telling a story of the deceased buried within. Explore the grand theatre, an impressive structure that once accommodated thousands of spectators, and echoes of applause still resonate in the air. Delve into the ruins of the Roman baths, agora, and the impressive granary, each reflecting the city's prosperity during its heyday.
Myra - Did you know?
Myra, with its rich history and stunning landscapes, holds a fascinating secret—it's the place where St Nicholas, the protector of children and sailors, passed away. His tomb and church stand as enduring monuments, attracting pilgrims for centuries. With over 2.000 churches dedicated to St Nicholas worldwide, the church in Myra, today's Demre, is the first and most historically significant.
The ancient city ofOlymposoffers a different allure, as it merges history with natural beauty. Located amidst lush greenery and flanked by a serene river, Olympos invites visitors to explore its ruins while immersed in a tranquil setting. Wander through the remains of the ancient harbour, imagining the ships that once docked here. Discover the Roman theatre, the bathhouses, the basilica, and the intriguing sarcophagi scattered throughout the site.
Olympos- Did you know?
The Chimera, the unquenchable fire of Lycia, is one of Olympos's most iconic attractions. These eternal flames, burning for thousands of years, have inspired fascinating legends rooted in mythology. Once a sacred site for Hephaistos, the God of Fire and Blacksmiths, Yanartaş continues to mesmerize visitors. Spending a night near this natural marvel, which has guided sailors through history, is an unforgettable experience.
Continue your journey by marveling at the ancient city ofPhaselis, one of Antalya's most well-preserved archaeological gems. Known for its impressive aqueduct, harbor, and the remains of Baths, Theatre, and Tetragonal Agora, Phaselis offers a fascinating glimpse into history. Immerse yourself in a surreal experience where the gentle embrace of the sea meets an ancient backdrop, inviting you to plunge into a timeless world while basking in the azure waters of the Turkish Riviera.
These cities offer just a glimpse into the vast array of Lycian treasures waiting to be explored. Along the way you can also visitTelmessos, today's vibrant resort town of Fethiye, which marks the westernmost edge of Lycia and captivates visitors with its majestic Lycian tombs, including the breathtaking Tomb of King Amyntas. The remarkable ruins ofTlosalso await, where the remnants of the great Acropolis hill, decorated with Lycian rock-cut tombs, a fortress, and a Roman theatre, can be explored. Don't forget to visit the only known temple dedicated to Kronos, the father of Zeus.
Further east, liesPınara, situated in a picturesque forest. This ancient city is home to stunning rock-cut tombs, a nearly intact theatre, and a rich history tied to the Trojan War hero Pandaros. In the nearby Kekova region, the ancient city ofSimenaawaits, where you can explore its fascinating underwater ruins, impressive castle, and ancient theatre, all set against a breathtaking backdrop.
Limyra, once the capital of Lycia, was an important port city and trade centre for the region. Known for being one of the cities with the highest concentration of rock tombs in the Lycian Region, Limyra is now part of the charming Cittaslow town ofFinike. While here, don't miss tasting the world-famous Finike orange, known for its unique aroma and flavour. DiscoverArycanda's unique architectural style, including its grand bath—perhaps the largest in Lycia—along with monumental temple tombs and a theatre boasting an incredible location. Finally, don't miss theGelidonyaLighthouse, offering spectacular views of the Mediterranean. Originally constructed in 1936 to guide ships, it has become a favourite stop for hikers on the Lycian Way.
As you traverse the ancient cities of Lycia, let your imagination transport you to an era of myths, warriors, and remarkable tombs. Feel the presence of those who once inhabited these vibrant centres of civilisation. Allow the stories etched into stone to come alive as you walk in the footsteps of the past. The ancient cities of Lycia offer a fascinating journey into a lost world, inviting you to unlock the secrets of this remarkable civilisation.
WORTH A DETOUR
Paragliding over Ölüdeniz
Taking off from the majestic Babadağ and gliding down to the pristine sands of Ölüdeniz is a once-in-a-lifetime experience. Landing on the white sand is spectacular, and the topography guarantees a calm, slow, and easy final descent as the winds here are light and the beachfront is long.
Step into Butterfly Valley's Enchantment
This paradisiacal enclave, accessible only by boat or a challenging footpath, has been deemed a nature reserve, boasting an abundance of flora, fauna, and butterflies. A journey through the unspoiled beauty and tranquil ambience of Butterfly Valley, truly one of Türkiye's hidden gems, awaits you.
Escape to Nature's Paradise: Unforgettable Camping at Kabak Valley
The idyllic and hidden coastal gem of Kabak Beach is the preferred spot for happy campers to take in the landscape's shade and leisurely swim in the sea after a busy hiking trail.
Dive into history
The southern district of Kaş in the province of Antalya is one of Türkiye's most cherished diving spots. Kaş offers a range of diving options from Kaş to Kalkan further to the east, and as far as Patara. Crystal-clear waters allow for near-perfect visibility. Fish, marine life, seaweed, seagrass, coral and sea sponges all live among the ruins of ancient cities and await enthusiastic divers. Kaş is hailed as one of the world's top 10 diving sites, and it offers the bonus of an Ottoman shipwreck and the mystery of the Sakarya and Duchess of York's vessels.
